Rifampicin
Antibiotic medication / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Rifampin?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Rifampicin, also known as rifampin, is an ansamycin antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium avium complex, leprosy, and Legionnaires' disease.[3] It is almost always used together with other antibiotics with two notable exceptions: when given as a "preferred treatment that is strongly recommended"[4] for latent TB infection; and when used as post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b and meningococcal disease in people who have been exposed to those bacteria.[3] Before treating a person for a long period of time, measurements of liver enzymes and blood counts are recommended.[3] Rifampicin may be given either by mouth or intravenously.[3]
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Pronunciation | /rɪˈfæmpəsɪn/ |
Trade names | Rifadin, others |
Other names | Rifampin (USAN US) |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682403 |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
|
Routes of administration | By mouth, Intravenous therapy |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 90 to 95% (by mouth) |
Protein binding | 80% |
Metabolism | Liver and intestinal wall |
Elimination half-life | 3–4 hours |
Excretion | Urine (~30%), faeces (60–65%) |
Identifiers | |
| |
CAS Number | |
PubChem CID | |
IUPHAR/BPS | |
DrugBank |
|
ChemSpider |
|
UNII | |
KEGG |
|
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
NIAID ChemDB | |
PDB ligand | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.032.997 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C43H58N4O12 |
Molar mass | 822.953 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Melting point | 183 to 188 °C (361 to 370 °F) |
Boiling point | 937 °C (1,719 °F) [2] |
| |
| |
NY (what is this?) (verify) |
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite.[3] It often turns urine, sweat, and tears a red or orange color.[3] Liver problems or allergic reactions may occur.[3] It is part of the recommended treatment of active tuberculosis during pregnancy, though its safety in pregnancy is not known.[3] Rifampicin is of the rifamycin group of antibiotics.[3] It works by decreasing the production of RNA by bacteria.[3]
Rifampicin was discovered in 1965, marketed in Italy in 1968, and approved in the United States in 1971.[5][6][7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] The World Health Organization classifies rifampicin as critically important for human medicine.[9] It is available as a generic medication.[3] Rifampicin is made by the soil bacterium Amycolatopsis rifamycinica.[7]