Robert Curthose
Duke of Normandy from 1087 to 1106 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Robert II of Normandy, or Robert Curthose (c. 1051 – February 1134, French: Robert Courteheuse / Robert II de Normandie), was the eldest son of William the Conqueror and succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 1087, reigning until 1106. Robert was also an unsuccessful claimant to the throne of the Kingdom of England. The epithet "Curthose" had its origins in the Norman French word courtheuse 'short stockings' and was apparently derived from a nickname given to Robert by his father; the chroniclers William of Malmesbury and Orderic Vitalis reported that William the Conqueror had derisively called Robert brevis-ocrea ("short boot").[1]
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Robert Curthose | |
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Duke of Normandy | |
Tenure | 9 September 1087 – 1106 |
Predecessor | William the Conqueror |
Successor | Henry I |
Born | c. 1051 Duchy of Normandy |
Died | February 1134 (aged ~83) Cardiff Castle, Glamorgan |
Burial | Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucestershire |
Spouse | Sybilla of Conversano |
Issue | William Clito |
House | Normandy |
Father | William the Conqueror |
Mother | Matilda of Flanders |
Robert's reign as Duke is noted for the discord with his brothers William II and Henry I in England. Robert mortgaged his duchy to finance his participation in the First Crusade, where he was an important commander. Eventually, his disagreements with Henry I led to defeat in the Battle of Tinchebray in 1106, and lifelong captivity, with Normandy temporarily absorbed as a possession of England.