Lithium is a chemical element with symbol Li and atomic number 3. In the periodic table, it is located in group 1, among the alkali metals. Lithium in its pure form is a soft, silver white metal, that tarnishes and oxidizes very rapidly in air and water.
It is the lightest solid element and is primarily used in heat transfer alloys, in batteries and serves as a component in some mood stabilizers.
More information General, Atomic Properties ...
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General |
Name, Symbol, Number | Lithium, Li, 3 |
Series | Alkali metal |
Group, Period, Block | 1(IA), 2 , s |
Density, Hardness | 535 kg/m3, 0.6 |
Appearance | silvery white/grey |
File:Li,3-thumb.jpg |
Atomic Properties |
Atomic weight | 6.941 amu |
Atomic radius (calc.) | 145 (167) pm |
Covalent radius | 134 pm |
van der Waals radius | 182 pm |
Electron configuration | [He]2s1 |
e- 's per energy level | 2, 1 |
Oxidation states (Oxide) | 1 (strong base) |
Crystal structure | Cubic body centered |
Physical Properties |
State of matter | solid (nonmagnetic) |
Melting point | 453.69 K (356.97 °F) |
Boiling point | 1615 K (2448 °F) |
Molar volume | 13.02 ×10-3 m3/mol |
Heat of vaporization | 145.92 kJ/mol |
Heat of fusion | 3 kJ/mol |
Vapor pressure | 1.63 E-8 Pa (453.7K) |
Speed of sound | 6000 m/s (293.15K) |
Miscellaneous |
Electronegativity | 0.98 (Pauling scale) |
Specific heat capacity | 3582 J/(kg*K) |
Electrical conductivity | 10.8 106/m ohm |
Thermal conductivity | 84.7 W/(m*K) |
1st ionization potential | 520.2 kJ/mol |
2nd ionization potential | 7298.1 kJ/mol |
3rd ionization potential | 11815.0 kJ/mol |
Most Stable Isotopes |
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SI units & STP are used except where noted. |
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