Jun'yō Maru
Cargo steamship that became a Japanese hell ship / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Jun'yō Maru (順陽丸) was a cargo steamship that was built in Scotland in 1913, served a succession of British owners until 1927, and was then in Japanese ownership until a Royal Navy submarine sank her in 1944.
Jun'yō Maru in 1933 | |
History | |
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Name |
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Namesake | 1917: Hartland Point |
Owner |
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Operator |
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Port of registry | |
Builder | Robert Duncan & Co, Port Glasgow |
Yard number | 324 |
Launched | 30 October 1913 |
Identification |
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Fate | Sunk, 18 September 1944 |
General characteristics | |
Type | cargo ship |
Tonnage | 5,131 GRT, 3,287 NRT |
Length | 405.0 ft (123.4 m) |
Beam | 53.0 ft (16.2 m) |
Depth | 27.2 ft (8.3 m) |
Decks | 2 |
Installed power | 475 NHP |
Propulsion | triple-expansion engine |
The ship was built as Ardgorm for a Scottish tramp shipping company. In 1917 a subsidiary of Furness, Withy & Co bought her and renamed her Hartland Point. In 1918 she was transferred to a different Furness, Withy subsidiary and renamed Hartmore. In 1921 the Anglo-Oriental Navigation Company bought her and renamed her Sureway.
In 1927 Japanese owners bought the ship and renamed her Junyo Maru. In 1938 the registered spelling of name became Zyunyo Maru. The name's modern rendition into the Latin alphabet is Jun'yō Maru.
In 1944 Jun'yō Maru was being used as a hell ship, carrying about 4,200 Javanese slave labourers and about 2,300 Allied prisoners of war (PoWs) when the submarine HMS Tradewind sank her. More than 5,000 people were killed. This is one of the highest death tolls of any maritime disaster in World War II, and one of the highest death tolls of any ship sunk by submarine.