Mäjilis
Lower house in the Parliament of Kazakhstan / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Mäjilis of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Парламенті Мәжілісі, romanized: Qazaqstan Respublikasy Parlamentî Mäjîlîsî; Russian: Мажилис Парламента Республики Казахстан), commonly referred to as Mäjilis or Mazhilis (Kazakh: Мәжіліс, lit. 'Assembly', Kazakh pronunciation: [mæʑɪlɪs]) is the lower house of the Parliament of Kazakhstan, alongside the upper house Senate. Together, they form the national bicameral legislature of Kazakhstan, responsible for enacting legislation. Established by the Constitution of Kazakhstan following the 1995 constitutional referendum, the Mäjilis was first convened in 1996. The chamber plays role in the legislative process, debating and passing laws, where lawmakers discuss key issues facing the country and propose solutions to address them by representing the interests of constituents.
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Mäjilis of the Parliament Parlamenti Mäjilisi Парламенті Мәжілісі | |
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8th Mäjilis | |
Type | |
Type | |
History | |
Founded | 30 January 1996; 28 years ago (1996-01-30)[1] |
Preceded by | Supreme Council |
Leadership | |
Structure | |
Seats | 98 |
Political groups | Government (62)
Others (36)
|
Length of term | 5 years |
Elections | |
Mixed-member majoritarian representation Closed party-list proportional representation (largest remainder method): 69 seats First-past-the-post: 29 seats | |
Last election | 19 March 2023 |
Next election | 2028 |
Meeting place | |
Astana, Kazakhstan | |
Website | |
www |
With a membership of 98 deputies, the chamber is led by a chairman and convenes in the Parliament Building situated in the Kazakhstan's capital city of Astana. Deputies of Mäjilis are directly elected to five-year terms, with the electoral process employing a mixed voting system, where 70% of the seats are distributed under party lists with a 5% election threshold, and the other 30% are allocated through first-past-the-post (FPTP) in 29 single-member constituencies.
Throughout its existence, the composition of the Mäjilis has been shaped by varying electoral systems and legislative reforms. From 1995 to 1999, it operated under the FPTP system before transitioning to a mixed-member majoritarian representation from 1999 to 2007, which blended constituency-based and party-list systems. Subsequent 2007 amendments saw the adoption of a party-list proportional representation system from 2007 to 2023, fostering the consolidation of political parties and the emergence of Amanat as the party of power. Notably, the chamber reverted to a mixed electoral system following the 2022 constitutional referendum, integrating proportional representation and constituency-based voting.
Moreover, the Mäjilis has encountered instances of early dissolution, which impacted the convocation terms of the Parliament and the governance of Kazakhstan. Over the years, the Mäjilis has gained significant authority, including the power to approve governmental appointments by the president.