Siege of the International Legations
1900 siege in Peking during the Boxer Rebellion / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The siege of the International Legations occurred in 1900 in Peking, the capital of the Qing Empire, during the Boxer Rebellion and led to the deaths of approximately 2500 Chinese people by western soldiers.[citation needed] Threatened by the Boxers—an anti-Christian, anti-foreign peasant movement—900 soldiers, sailors, marines, and civilians, largely from Europe, Japan, and the United States, and about 2,800 Chinese Christians took refuge in the Peking Legation Quarter. The Qing government took the side of the Boxers after the Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Tianjin at the Battle of the Taku Forts (1900), without a formal declaration of war. The foreigners and Chinese Christians in the Legation Quarter survived a 55-day siege by the Qing Army and Boxers. The siege was broken by an international military force, which marched from the coast of China, defeated the Qing Army, and occupied Peking (now known as Beijing).
Siege of the International Legations | |||||||
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Part of the Boxer Rebellion | |||||||
I'll Try, Sir!: American troops scale the walls of Peking, with the Fox Tower in flames. Depicted is trumpeter Calvin Titus who first climbed the wall and was later awarded the Medal of Honor. | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Eight-Nation Alliance: Chinese Christian refugees |
Qing dynasty Boxer movement | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Claude MacDonald Alfred Gaselee Edward Seymour Nikolai Linevich Yevgeny Alekseyev Alfred von Waldersee Eugène Darcy Gorō Shiba Adna Chaffee Angelo Klokgieter |
Empress Dowager Cixi Ronglu Li Hongzhang Prince Yikuang Prince Duan Dong Fuxiang Ma Haiyan Ma Haiyan Ma Fulu † Ma Fuxiang Ma Fuxing Cao Futian Zhang Decheng † | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
51,755 51 warships | About 160,000 Qing Army and Boxer soldiers | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
190 military casualties, 13 civilians killed | approx. 2500[citation needed] |