Ulmus 'Crispa'
Elm cultivar / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The elm cultivar Ulmus 'Crispa' [:'curled', the leaf margin], sometimes known as the Fernleaf Elm, arose before 1800[2] and was first listed by Willdenow as U. crispa (1809).[3] Audibert listed an U. campestris Linn. 'Crispa', orme à feuilles crépues [:'frizzy-leaved elm'], in 1817,[4] and an Ulmus urticaefolia [:'nettle-leaved elm'] in 1832;[5] the latter is usually taken to be a synonym.[6] Loudon considered the tree a variety of U. montana (1838).[7] In the 19th century, Ulmus × hollandica cultivars, as well as those of Wych Elm, were often grouped under Ulmus montana.[8][9][10] Elwes and Henry (1913) listed 'Crispa' as a form of wych elm, but made no mention of the non-wych samara (see 'Description').[8]
Hanham (1857) noted that in his day concave-leaved Field Elm, U. campestris concavaefolia, was frequently mistaken for and sold as 'Crispa' in nurseries, "though there is a wide difference between them".[11] The Louis van Houtte nursery used the synonym Ulmus campestris adiantifolia[12] for 'Crispa',[6] and Ulmus campestris crispa for the cultivar 'Webbiana'.[13] The Baudriller nursery of Angers went one step further, listing Ulmus campestris adiantifolia, orme à feuilles de capillaire [:'downy-leaved elm'], separately from both Ulmus campestris crispa, orme à feuilles crispées [:'wrinkled leaved elm'] and Ulmus campestris webbiana, orme de Webb.[14]
Koch, noting similarities between 'Crispa' and Ulmus montana rugosa, conjectured (1872) that the latter cultivar, which has "similar but less frizzy leaves", may have arisen from the former.[15]