Ivermectin
Medication for parasite infestations / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug.[7] After its discovery in 1975,[8] its first uses were in veterinary medicine to prevent and treat heartworm and acariasis.[9] Approved for human use in 1987,[10] it is used to treat infestations including head lice, scabies, river blindness (onchocerciasis), strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, ascariasis and lymphatic filariasis.[9][11][12][13] It works through many mechanisms to kill the targeted parasites,[11] and can be taken by mouth, or applied to the skin for external infestations.[11][14] It belongs to the avermectin family of medications.[11]
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Pronunciation | /ˌaɪvərˈmɛktɪn/, EYE-vər-MEK-tin |
Trade names | Stromectol, Soolantra, Sklice, others |
Other names | MK-933 |
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MedlinePlus | a607069 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, topical |
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Bioavailability | not determined |
Protein binding | 93% |
Metabolism | Liver (CYP450) |
Elimination half-life | 38.9 ± 20.8 h[6] |
Excretion | Feces; <1% urine |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.067.738 |
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Formula | C 48H 74O 14 (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a) C 47H 72O 14 (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1b) |
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William Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for its discovery and applications.[15] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines,[16][17] and is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as an antiparasitic agent.[18] In 2021, it was the 341st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 100,000 prescriptions.[19] It is available as a generic medicine.[20][21]
Misinformation has been widely spread claiming that ivermectin is beneficial for treating and preventing COVID-19.[22][23] Such claims are not backed by credible scientific evidence.[24][25][26] Multiple major health organizations, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration,[27] the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,[28] the European Medicines Agency,[29] and the World Health Organization have advised that ivermectin is not recommended for the treatment of COVID-19.[25][30]