Prioritarianism
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Prioritarianism, or the priority view,[1] is a perspective within ethics and political philosophy stating that "social welfare orderings should give explicit priority to the worse off".[2] Prioritarianism resembles utilitarianism, and is likewise a form of aggregative consequentialism.
The term "prioritarianism" was coined by the moral philosopher Larry Temkin. Richard Arneson, a proponent of the view,[3] offers the following formulation:
Prioritarianism holds that the moral value of achieving a benefit for an individual (or avoiding a loss) is greater, the greater the size of the benefit as measured by a well-being scale, and the greater, the lower the person's level of well-being over the course of her life apart from receipt of this benefit.[4]
Prioritarianism is one interpretation of distributive justice and is often pitted against egalitarianism.[5][failed verification][6]