Pseudomonas
Genus of Gram-negative bacteria / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae in the class Gammaproteobacteria. The 313 members of the genus[2][3] demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able to colonize a wide range of niches.[4] Their ease of culture in vitro and availability of an increasing number of Pseudomonas strain genome sequences has made the genus an excellent focus for scientific research; the best studied species include P. aeruginosa in its role as an opportunistic human pathogen, the plant pathogen P. syringae, the soil bacterium P. putida, and the plant growth-promoting P. fluorescens, P. lini, P. migulae, and P. graminis.[5][6]
Pseudomonas | |
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P. aeruginosa colonies on an agar plate | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
Order: | Pseudomonadales |
Family: | Pseudomonadaceae |
Genus: | Pseudomonas Migula 1894 |
Type species | |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | |
Species | |
See text. | |
Synonyms | |
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Because of their widespread occurrence in water and plant seeds such as dicots, the pseudomonads were observed early in the history of microbiology. The generic name Pseudomonas created for these organisms was defined in rather vague terms by Walter Migula in 1894 and 1900 as a genus of Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and polar-flagellated bacteria with some sporulating species.[7][8] The latter statement was later proved incorrect and was due to refractive granules of reserve materials.[9] Despite the vague description, the type species, Pseudomonas pyocyanea (basonym of Pseudomonas aeruginosa), proved the best descriptor.[9]