Sulfur hexafluoride
Chemical compound and greenhouse gas / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Sulfur hexafluoride?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Sulfur hexafluoride or sulphur hexafluoride (British spelling) is an inorganic compound with the formula SF6. It is a colorless, odorless, non-flammable, and non-toxic gas. SF
6 has an octahedral geometry, consisting of six fluorine atoms attached to a central sulfur atom. It is a hypervalent molecule.
| |||
Names | |||
---|---|---|---|
IUPAC name
Sulfur hexafluoride | |||
Systematic IUPAC name
Hexafluoro-λ6-sulfane[1] | |||
Other names
Elagas Esaflon | |||
Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
|||
ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider |
| ||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.018.050 | ||
EC Number |
| ||
2752 | |||
KEGG |
| ||
MeSH | Sulfur+hexafluoride | ||
PubChem CID |
|||
RTECS number |
| ||
UNII | |||
UN number | 1080 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|||
| |||
| |||
Properties | |||
SF6 | |||
Molar mass | 146.05 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
Odor | odorless[2] | ||
Density | 6.17 g/L | ||
Melting point | −64 °C; −83 °F; 209 K | ||
Boiling point | −50.8 °C (−59.4 °F; 222.3 K) | ||
Critical point (T, P) | 45.51±0.1 °C, 3.749±0.01 MPa[3] | ||
0.003% (25 °C)[2] | |||
Solubility | slightly soluble in water, very soluble in ethanol, hexane, benzene | ||
Vapor pressure | 2.9 MPa (at 21.1 °C) | ||
−44.0×10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Thermal conductivity |
| ||
Viscosity | 15.23 μPa·s[5] | ||
Structure | |||
Orthorhombic, oP28 | |||
Oh | |||
Orthogonal hexagonal | |||
Octahedral | |||
0 D | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
0.097 kJ/(mol·K) (constant pressure) | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
292 J·mol−1·K−1[6] | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−1209 kJ·mol−1[6] | ||
Pharmacology | |||
V08DA05 (WHO) | |||
License data | |||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling:[7] | |||
Warning | |||
H280 | |||
P403 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 1000 ppm (6000 mg/m3)[2] | ||
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 1000 ppm (6000 mg/m3)[2] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
N.D.[2] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related sulfur fluorides |
Disulfur decafluoride | ||
Related compounds |
Selenium hexafluoride Sulfuryl fluoride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
Typical for a nonpolar gas, SF
6 is poorly soluble in water but quite soluble in nonpolar organic solvents. It has a density of 6.12 g/L at sea level conditions, considerably higher than the density of air (1.225 g/L). It is generally transported as a liquefied compressed gas.
SF
6 has 23,500 times greater global warming potential (GWP) than CO2 as a greenhouse gas (over a 100-year time-frame) but exists in relatively minor concentrations in the atmosphere. Its concentration in Earth's troposphere reached 11.50 parts per trillion (ppt) in October 2023, rising at 0.37 ppt/year.[8] The increase since 1980 is driven in large part by the expanding electric power sector, including fugitive emissions from banks of SF
6 gas contained in its medium- and high-voltage switchgear. Uses in magnesium, aluminium, and electronics manufacturing also hastened atmospheric growth.[9]