Chromium(II) chloride
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Chromium(II) chloride describes inorganic compounds with the formula CrCl2(H2O)n. The anhydrous solid is white when pure, however commercial samples are often grey or green; it is hygroscopic and readily dissolves in water to give bright blue air-sensitive solutions of the tetrahydrate Cr(H2O)4Cl2. Chromium(II) chloride has no commercial uses but is used on a laboratory-scale for the synthesis of other chromium complexes.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Chromium(II) chloride | |
Other names
Chromous chloride | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.136 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII |
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UN number | 3077 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
Cl2Cr | |
Molar mass | 122.90 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | White to grey/green powder (anhydrous) blue solid (tetrahydrate) |
Odor | Odorless |
Density | 2.88 g/cm3 (24 °C)[1] |
Melting point | 824 °C (1,515 °F; 1,097 K) anhydrous 51 °C (124 °F; 324 K) tetrahydrate, decomposes[1] |
Boiling point | 1,302 °C (2,376 °F; 1,575 K) anhydrous[1] |
Soluble[1] | |
Solubility | Insoluble in alcohol, ether |
Acidity (pKa) | 2 |
+7230·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Structure | |
Orthorhombic (deformed rutile, anhydrous), oP6[2] Monoclinic (tetrahydrate)[3] | |
Pnnm, No. 58 (anhydrous)[2] P21/c, No. 14 (tetrahydrate)[3] | |
2/m 2/m 2/m (anhydrous)[2] 2/m (tetrahydrate)[3] | |
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90° | |
Octahedral (Cr2+, anhydrous)[2] | |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
71.2 J/mol·K[1] |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
115.3 J/mol·K[1] |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−395.4 kJ/mol[1] |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−356 kJ/mol[1] |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
[4] | |
Warning | |
H302, H315, H319, H335[4] | |
P261, P305+P351+P338[4] | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
1870 mg/kg (rats, oral)[5] |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | Oxford MSDS |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Chromium(II) fluoride Chromium(II) bromide Chromium(II) iodide |
Other cations |
Chromium(III) chloride Chromium(IV) chloride Molybdenum(II) chloride Tungsten(II) chloride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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