Cultured meat
Meat created outside of a living animal / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Cultured meat, also known as cultivated meat among other names, is a form of cellular agriculture where meat is produced by culturing animal cells in vitro.[1][2][3] Cultured meat is produced using tissue engineering techniques pioneered in regenerative medicine.[4] Jason Matheny popularized the concept in the early 2000s after he co-authored a paper[5] on cultured meat production and created New Harvest, the world's first non-profit organization dedicated to in-vitro meat research.[6] Cultured meat has the potential to address the environmental impact of meat production, animal welfare, food security and human health,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] in addition to its potential mitigation of climate change.[3]
In 2013, Mark Post created a hamburger patty made from tissue grown outside of an animal. Since then, other cultured meat prototypes have gained media attention: SuperMeat opened a farm-to-fork restaurant, called "The Chicken",[14] in Tel Aviv to test consumer reaction to its "Chicken" burger,[15] while the "world's first commercial sale of cell-cultured meat" occurred in December 2020 at Singapore restaurant 1880, where cultured meat manufactured by United States firm Eat Just was sold.[16]
While most efforts focus on common meats such as pork, beef, and chicken which constitute the bulk of consumption in developed countries,[17] companies such as Orbillion Bio focused on high-end or unusual meats including elk, lamb, bison, and Wagyu beef.[18] Avant Meats brought cultured grouper to market in 2021,[19] while other companies have pursued different species of fish and other seafood.[20]
The production process is constantly evolving, driven by companies and research institutions.[21] The applications for cultured meat led to ethical,[22] health, environmental, cultural, and economic discussions.[23] Data published by the non-governmental organization Good Food Institute found that in 2021 cultivated meat companies attracted $140 million in Europe.[3] Cultured meat is mass-produced in Israel.[24] The first restaurant to serve cultured meat opened in Singapore in 2021.[25] However, cultured meat is not yet widely available.