Duchy of Austria
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1156–1453) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Duchy of Austria (German: Herzogtum Österreich) was a medieval principality of the Holy Roman Empire, established in 1156 by the Privilegium Minus, when the Margraviate of Austria (Ostarrîchi) was detached from Bavaria and elevated to a duchy in its own right.[1] After the ruling dukes of the House of Babenberg became extinct in male line, there was as much as three decades of rivalry on inheritance and rulership, until the German king Rudolf I took over the dominion as the first monarch of the Habsburg dynasty in 1276. Thereafter, Austria became the patrimony and ancestral homeland of the dynasty and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. In 1453, the archducal title of the Austrian rulers, invented by Duke Rudolf IV in the forged Privilegium Maius of 1359, was officially acknowledged by the Habsburg emperor Frederick III.
This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (January 2023) |
Duchy of Austria Herzogtum Österreich (German) | |||||||||||
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1156–1453 | |||||||||||
Status | Duchy, within the Holy Roman Empire | ||||||||||
Capital | Vienna | ||||||||||
Common languages | |||||||||||
Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||||||||
Demonym(s) | Austrian | ||||||||||
Government | Feudal Germanic duchy | ||||||||||
Duke of Austria | |||||||||||
• 1141–1177 | Henry II (first duke, from 1156) | ||||||||||
• 1230–1246 | Frederick II (last Babenberg duke) | ||||||||||
• 1251–1276 | Ottokar (Přemyslid dynasty) | ||||||||||
• 1282–1291 | Albert I (first Habsburg duke) | ||||||||||
• 1440–1457 | Ladislaus I (last duke, archduke from 1453) | ||||||||||
Historical era | Middle Ages | ||||||||||
17 September 1156 | |||||||||||
17 August 1186 | |||||||||||
26 August 1278 | |||||||||||
1358/59 | |||||||||||
25 September 1379 | |||||||||||
• Archduchy recognized | 6 January 1453 | ||||||||||
ISO 3166 code | AT | ||||||||||
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