Kavach (train protection system)
Indian railway safety technology / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kavach (lit.ā'Armour') is an automatic train protection (ATP) system indigenously developed by Indian Railways through Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO).[1] Initial development of Kavach started in 2012 under the name Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) and completed development in 2022.
Kavach has been certified for compliance with safety integrity level 4 (SIL-4) operations.[1][2][3] Kavach has been promoted as being the cheapest ATP system available in the world, costing roughly 50 lakh (five million) rupees per kilometre to operate compared to about two crore (20 million) rupees worldwide.[2] The Union budget of India for the FY 2022-23 allocated funds for the rapid implementation of Kavach across 2,000 km of track, as well as sanctioning its implementation along 34,000 km track of the Golden Quadrilateral rail route, which is to be implemented by 2027-2028.[4]