Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970)
Kingdom in Southeast Asia (1953–1970) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970)?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
The Kingdom of Cambodia,[lower-alpha 1] also known as the First Kingdom of Cambodia,[lower-alpha 2] and commonly referred to as the Sangkum period,[lower-alpha 3] refers to Norodom Sihanouk's first administration of Cambodia from 1953 to 1970, an especially significant time in the country's history. Sihanouk continues to be one of the most controversial figures in Southeast Asia's turbulent and often tragic postwar history. From 1955 until 1970, Sihanouk's Sangkum was the sole legal party in Cambodia.[6]
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
|
Kingdom of Cambodia | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1953–1970 | |||||||||||||
Motto:
| |||||||||||||
Anthem:
| |||||||||||||
Capital and largest city | Phnom Penh | ||||||||||||
Official languages | |||||||||||||
Religion | Buddhism (official), Christianity, Islam and others | ||||||||||||
Demonym(s) | |||||||||||||
Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy (1953–1955) Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy under a one-party authoritarian regime (1955–1970) | ||||||||||||
Monarch | |||||||||||||
• 1953–1955 | Norodom Sihanouk | ||||||||||||
• 1955–1960 | Norodom Suramarit | ||||||||||||
• 1960–1970 | Sisowath Kossamak[lower-alpha 1] | ||||||||||||
Chief of State | |||||||||||||
• 1960–1970 | Norodom Sihanouk | ||||||||||||
• 1970 | Cheng Heng (acting) | ||||||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||||||
• 1953 (first) | Penn Nouth | ||||||||||||
• 1969–1970 (last) | Lon Nol | ||||||||||||
Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||||||
Council of the Kingdom | |||||||||||||
National Assembly | |||||||||||||
Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||||||
9 November 1953 | |||||||||||||
21 July 1954 | |||||||||||||
• Sangkum established | 22 March 1955 | ||||||||||||
14 December 1955 | |||||||||||||
18 March 1970 | |||||||||||||
9 October 1970 | |||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||
• 1962[3] | 5,728,771 | ||||||||||||
Currency | Riel (៛) (KHR) | ||||||||||||
Time zone | UTC+07:00 (ICT) | ||||||||||||
Date format | dd/mm/yyyy | ||||||||||||
Driving side | right | ||||||||||||
ISO 3166 code | KH | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Today part of | Cambodia | ||||||||||||
|
Following the end of World War II, France restored its colonial control over Indochina but faced local resistance against their rule, particularly from Communist guerilla forces. On 9 November 1953, it achieved independence from France under Norodom Sihanouk but still faced resistance from Communist groups such as United Issarak Front. As the Vietnam War escalated, Cambodia sought to retain its neutrality but in 1965, North Vietnamese soldiers were allowed to set up bases and in 1969, the United States began a bombing campaign against North Vietnamese soldiers in Cambodia. The Cambodian monarchy was abolished in a US-backed coup on October 9, 1970 headed by Prime Minister Lon Nol who established the Khmer Republic which lasted until the fall of Phnom Penh in 1975.[7]