Potassium permanganate
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Potassium permanganate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KMnO4. It is a purplish-black crystalline salt, that dissolves in water as K+ and MnO−
4, an intensely pink to purple solution.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Potassium manganate(VII) | |
Systematic IUPAC name
Potassium permanganate | |
Other names
Chameleon mineral Condy's crystals Permanganate of potash Hypermangan Purple potion powder | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
DrugBank | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.874 |
EC Number |
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KEGG |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
UN number | 1490 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
KMnO4 | |
Molar mass | 158.034 g/mol |
Appearance | Purplish-bronze-gray needles purple in solution[1] |
Odor | odorless |
Density | 2.7 g/cm3[2]: 4.83 |
Melting point | 240 °C (464 °F; 513 K) (decomposes) |
76 g/L (25 °C)[2] 250 g/L (65 °C) | |
Solubility | decomposes in alcohol and organic solvents |
+20.0·10−6 cm3/mol[2]: 4.134 | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.59 |
Structure[3] | |
Orthorhombic, oP24 | |
Pnma, No. 62 | |
a = 0.909 nm, b = 0.572 nm, c = 0.741 nm | |
Formula units (Z) |
4 |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
119.2 J/mol K |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
171.7 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−813.4 kJ/mol |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
-713.8 kJ/mol |
Pharmacology | |
D08AX06 (WHO) V03AB18 (WHO) | |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
1090 mg/kg (oral, rat)[4] |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Potassium pertechnetate Potassium perrhenate |
Other cations |
Sodium permanganate Ammonium permanganate Calcium permanganate Silver permanganate |
Related manganates |
Potassium hypomanganate Potassium manganate |
Related compounds |
Manganese heptoxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Quick Facts Clinical data, License data ...
Clinical data | |
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License data | |
Identifiers | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.874 |
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Potassium permanganate is widely used in the chemical industry and laboratories as a strong oxidizing agent, and also as a medication for dermatitis, for cleaning wounds, and general disinfection. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[5] In 2000, worldwide production was estimated at 30,000 tons.[5]