Propylene oxide
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Propylene oxide?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
SHOW ALL QUESTIONS
Propylene oxide is an acutely toxic and carcinogenic organic compound with the molecular formula C3H6O. This colourless volatile liquid with an odour similar to ether, is produced on a large scale industrially. Its major application is its use for the production of polyether polyols for use in making polyurethane plastics. It is a chiral epoxide, although it is commonly used as a racemic mixture.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
Names | |
---|---|
Preferred IUPAC name
(2R)-2-Methyloxirane (2S)-2-Methyloxirane | |
Other names
Propylene oxide Epoxypropane Propylene epoxide 1,2-Propylene oxide Methyl oxirane 1,2-Epoxypropane Propene oxide Methyl ethylene oxide Methylethylene oxide | |
Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) |
|
ChEBI | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.800 |
EC Number |
|
KEGG |
|
PubChem CID |
|
UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|
| |
| |
Properties | |
C3H6O | |
Molar mass | 58.080 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Colourless liquid |
Odor | benzene-like[1] |
Density | 0.859 g/cm3[2] |
Melting point | −111.9 °C (−169.4 °F; 161.2 K)[2] |
Boiling point | 35 °C (95 °F; 308 K)[2] |
41% (20 °C)[1] | |
Vapor pressure | 445 mmHg (20 °C)[1] |
−4.25×10−5 cm3/mol[3] | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.3660[2] |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
120.4 J·(K·mol)−1 |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
196.5 J·(K·mol)−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−123.0 kJ·mol−1[4] |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Extremely flammable[5][6] |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | −37 °C (−35 °F; 236 K) |
747 °C (1,377 °F; 1,020 K) | |
Explosive limits | 2.3–36%[1] |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
660 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral) 380 mg/kg (rat, oral) 440 mg/kg (mouse, oral) 1140 mg/kg (rat, oral) 690 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral)[7] |
LC50 (median concentration) |
1740 ppm (mouse, 4 h) 4000 ppm (rat, 4 h)[7] |
LCLo (lowest published) |
2005 ppm (dog, 4 h) 4000 ppm (guinea pig, 4 h)[7] |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 100 ppm (240 mg/m3)[1] |
REL (Recommended) |
Ca[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
Ca [400 ppm][1] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
Close
This compound is sometimes called 1,2-propylene oxide to distinguish it from its isomer 1,3-propylene oxide, better known as oxetane.