War of the Sixth Coalition
1813–1814 conflict during the Napoleonic Wars / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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In the War of the Sixth Coalition (French: Guerre de la Sixième Coalition) (March 1813 – May 1814), sometimes known in Germany as the Wars of Liberation (German: Befreiungskriege), a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, Great Britain, Portugal, Sweden, Sardinia, and a number of German States defeated France and drove Napoleon into exile on Elba. After the disastrous French invasion of Russia of 1812 in which they had been forced to support France, Prussia and Austria joined Russia, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Portugal, and the rebels in Spain who were already at war with France.
War of the Sixth Coalition | |||||||
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Part of the Napoleonic Wars and the Coalition Wars | |||||||
Each image links to a battle. Left to right, top to bottom: Battles of Lutzen, Katzbach, Dresden, Kulm, Leipzig, Hanau, Rothière, Laubressel, Laon, Arcis, Champenoise, Paris | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Original coalition
After the Armistice of Pläswitz After the Battle of Leipzig After 20 November 1813 After January 1814 |
Until January 1814
Co-belligerent: United States (War of 1812 only) | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Strength | |||||||
1813: 1,070,000 | 1813: 850,000 | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
526,000 |
610,000 |
The War of the Sixth Coalition saw major battles at Lützen, Bautzen, and Dresden. The even larger Battle of Leipzig (also known as the Battle of Nations) was the largest battle in European history before World War I. Ultimately, Napoleon's earlier setbacks in Spain, Portugal and Russia proved to be the seeds of his undoing. With their armies reorganized, the allies drove Napoleon out of Germany in 1813 and invaded France in 1814. The Allies defeated the remaining French armies, occupied Paris, and forced Napoleon to abdicate and go into exile. The French monarchy was revived by the allies, who handed rule to the heir of the House of Bourbon in the Bourbon Restoration.
The "Hundred Days" War of the Seventh Coalition was triggered in 1815 when Napoleon escaped from his captivity on Elba and returned to power in France. He was defeated again for the final time at Waterloo, ending the Napoleonic Wars.