Mongolia
country in East Asia / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and the People's Republic of China to the south, east and west. Mongolia's political system is a parliamentary republic.
Mongolia | |
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Anthem:
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Capital and largest city | Ulaanbaatar[a] 48°N 106°E |
Official languages | Mongolian |
Official scripts | |
Ethnic groups (2010) | |
Religion | Buddhism (53%) Non-religious (38.6%) Islam (3%) Shamanism (2.9%) Christianity (2.2%) Others (0.4%)[2] |
Demonym(s) | |
Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[3][4][5] |
Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh | |
Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene | |
• Chairman of the Khural | Gombojavyn Zandanshatar |
Legislature | State Great Khural |
Formation | |
formed 209 BC | |
formed 1206 | |
December 29, 1911 | |
November 26, 1924 | |
• Independence recognized by the Republic of China | January 5, 1946 |
• Current constitution | February 13, 1992 |
Area | |
• Total | 1,566,000 km2 (605,000 sq mi) (18th) |
• Water (%) | 0.67[2] |
Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 3,353,470[6] (136th) |
• 2023 census | 3,057,778[7] |
• Density | 2.07/km2 (5.4/sq mi) (194th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $47 billion[8] (115th) |
• Per capita | $14,270[8] (93rd) |
GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $13.7 billion[8] (133rd) |
• Per capita | $4,151[8] (116th) |
Gini (2018) | 32.7[9] medium |
HDI (2018) | 0.735[10] high · 92nd |
Currency | Tögrög (MNT) |
Time zone | UTC+7/+8[11] |
Date format | yyyy.mm.dd (CE) |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +976 |
ISO 3166 code | MN |
Internet TLD | .mn, .мон |
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Until recently, most of the people there were Buddhists. Many of them are nomads (people who always move from place to place and do not stay in one home), but this is changing. The largest city, and capital city is Ulaanbaatar. It is where about 38% of the population live. This has been spelled Ulan Bator/ Ulaan Battor and other ways in the past. The north and east parts of the country have many mountains. Part of the south part is the Gobi Desert. There are 2,791,272 people living in Mongolia. The country is the 18th biggest country in the world, with an area of 1,564,116 km2 (603,909 sq mi).
Mongolia is mainly rural with the lowest population density of all independent countries in the world.[12][13][14][note 1]