Mughal Empire
1526–1857 empire in South Asia / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Mughal Empire (Urdu: مغلیہ سلطنت, Persian: دولتِ مغل), also called Hindustan[11] was a Muslim empire , in South Asia which existed from 1526 to 1858.[12] When it was biggest it ruled most of the subcontinent, including what is now Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.[13] Between 1526 and 1707, It contributed to 24% of the world's GDP[14],It was the world's largest economy and it was well known for having signaled proto-industrialization and for its lavish architecture.[15][16]
Mughal Empire | |
---|---|
1526–1858 | |
Capital |
|
Official languages | |
Religion | Sunni Islam (Official) |
Government | Monarchy |
Emperor[lower-alpha 1] | |
• 1526–1530 (first) | Babur |
• 1837–1857 (last) | Bahadur Shah II |
Vakil-i-Mutlaq | |
• 1526–1540 (first) | Mir Khalifa |
• 1795–1818 (last) | Daulat Rao Sindhia |
Grand Vizier | |
• 1526–1540 (first) | Mir Khalifa |
• 1775–1797 (last) | Asaf-ud-Daula |
Establishment | |
• Founding | 1526 |
• Fall | 1858 |
Area | |
1690[7][8] | 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 sq mi) |
Population | |
• 1595 | 125,000,000[9] |
• 1700 | 158,000,000[10] |
The Mughal emperors were Turk-Mongols in origin.[17] Though they later settled in South Asia and adapted to the local culture.[12][18][19] Babur of the Timurid dynasty founded the Mughal Empire (and Mughal dynasty) in 1526 and ruled until 1530. He was followed by Humayun (1530-1540) and (1555-1556), Akbar (1556-1605), Jahangir (1605-1627), Shah Jahan (1628-1658), and Aurangzeb (1658-1707) and several other minor rulers until Bahadur Shah Zafar II (1837-1857). After the death of Aurangzeb, the Mughal Empire became weak. It continued until 1857-58. By that time, South Asia had become under the British Raj.
The Mughal Empire was established by able Muslim rulers who came from the present-day Uzbekistan after defeating the Delhi sultanate. The Mughal rule in South Asia saw the region into a united Indian state.[20] Which was being administered under one single powerful ruler, Such unification was not seen since the era of Delhi Sultanate, Guptas and Mauryans. During the Mughal period, art and architecture flourished and many beautiful monuments were constructed. The rulers were skillful warriors and admirers of art as well.[21]