Arkansas
boma la ku United States of America / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Arkansas (/ˈɑːrkənsɔː/ (pulikizgani machemelo) AR-kən-saw[lower-alpha 3]) ni boma ilo lili na mphepete mwa nyanja yayi ilo lili ku chigaŵa cha pakati na kumwera kwa United States.[9][10] Ku mpoto kuli Missouri, kumafumiro gha dazi kuli Tennessee na Mississippi, kumwera kuli Louisiana, ndipo kumanjiliro gha dazi kuli Texas na Oklahoma. Zina lake likufuma ku ciyowoyero ca Osage, ciyowoyero ca Dhegiha Siouan, ndipo likuyowoya za ŵabali ŵawo, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Quapaw.[11] Malo ghakupambanapambana gha mu chigaŵa ichi ghakukwana ku mapiri gha Ozark na Ouachita, agho ghakupanga U.S. Ku mapiri gha ku America, ku malo gha nkhorongo gha ku Arkansas, ku mapiri gha ku Mississippi na Arkansas.
Arkansas | |||
---|---|---|---|
State | |||
State of Arkansas | |||
Nicknames: The Natural State (current) Land of Opportunity (former) | |||
Motto: Regnat populus (Latin: The People Rule) | |||
Anthem: "Arkansas", "Arkansas (You Run Deep in Me)", "Oh, Arkansas", and "The Arkansas Traveler" | |||
Charu | United States | ||
Pambele lindazgoke boma | Arkansas Territory | ||
Admitted to the Union | June 15, 1836 (25th) | ||
Msumba waboma (and largest city) | Little Rock | ||
Largest metro and urban areas | Central Arkansas | ||
Government | |||
• Governor | Sarah Huckabee Sanders (R) | ||
• Lieutenant Governor | Leslie Rutledge (R) | ||
Legislature | Arkansas General Assembly | ||
• Upper house | Senate | ||
• Lower house | House of Representatives | ||
Judiciary | Arkansas Supreme Court | ||
U.S. senators | John Boozman (R) Tom Cotton (R) | ||
U.S. House delegation | 4 Republicans (list) | ||
Area | |||
• Total | 53,179 sq mi (137,732 km2) | ||
• Land | 52,035 sq mi (134,771 km2) | ||
• Water | 1,143 sq mi (2,961 km2) 2.15% | ||
• Rank | 29th | ||
Dimensions | |||
• Length | 240 mi (386 km) | ||
• Width | 270 mi (435 km) | ||
Elevation | 650 ft (200 m) | ||
Highest elevation | 2,753 ft (839 m) | ||
Lowest elevation | 55 ft (17 m) | ||
Population (2020) | |||
• Total | 3,013,756[5] | ||
• Rank | 34th | ||
• Density | 56.4/sq mi (21.8/km2) | ||
• Rank | 34th | ||
• Median household income | $49,500[6] | ||
• Income rank | 48th | ||
Demonym | Arkansan Arkansawyer Arkanite[7] | ||
Language | |||
• Official language | English{[8] | ||
Time zone | UTC−06:00 (Central) | ||
• Summer (DST) | UTC−05:00 (CDT) | ||
USPS abbreviation | AR | ||
ISO 3166 code | US-AR | ||
Traditional abbreviation | Ark. | ||
Latitude | 33° 00′ N to 36° 30′ N | ||
Longitude | 89° 39′ W to 94° 37′ W | ||
Website | www |
Arkansas ni boma la 29 pa vigaŵa vikuru na la 34 pa vigaŵa ivyo vili na ŵanthu ŵanandi, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa ichi ŵalipo ŵakujumpha 3 miliyoni.[5] Msumba ukuru na uwo uli na ŵanthu ŵanandi comene ni Little Rock, uwo uli pakati pa boma ili. Msumba uwu ndiwo ukwendeska vinthu vinandi, ni malo gha malonda, gha mitheto, na gha boma. Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa chigawochi, kuphatikizapo Fayetteville - Springdale - Rogers Metropolitan Area ndi Fort Smith metropolitan area, ndi chigawo cha anthu, maphunziro, ndi chuma. Msumba ukuru comene uwo uli kumafumiro gha dazi kwa caru ici ni Jonesboro. Msumba ukuru comene uwo uli kumwera ca kumafumiro gha dazi kwa boma ili ni Pine Bluff.
Charu cha Arkansas, icho kale chikaŵa chigaŵa cha French Louisiana, chikazomerezgeka kuŵa chigaŵa cha United States pa Juni 15, 1836.[12] Mu Delta, ŵanthu ŵakamba kulima thonje, ndipo awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu vigaŵa ivi ŵakagwiranga nchito za ŵazga ŵa ku America. Mu 1861, boma la Arkansas likafumako ku United States ndipo likamba kuwungana na Confederate States of America mu nyengo ya Nkhondo ya pa Caru Cose. Ŵakati ŵawelera ku United States mu 1868, boma la Arkansas likalutilira kusuzgika pa nkhani ya ndalama chifukwa cha kugomezga chomene ulimi wa minda yikuruyikuru. Cotton ndiyo yikaŵa cakurya cikuru comene, ndipo msika wa cotton ukakhira. Pakuti ŵalimi na ŵamalonda ŵakaŵavya vinthu vinandi, ndipo mafakitale ghakaŵavya ndalama zinandi, boma likaŵa na suzgo la ndalama. Kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, boma likapeleka malango ghanyake agho ghakaŵa nga ni la Jim Crow kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku America awo ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Africa ŵaleke kupika wanangwa wa kusankha. Ŵazungu ndiwo ŵakendeskanga ndyali mu boma la Arkansas, ndipo ŵakaŵavya wanangwa wa kuvota. Ŵakaŵavya wanangwa wa kuvota. Pa nyengo ya nkhondo ya wanangwa wa ŵanthu ya m'ma 1950 na 1960, ku Arkansas na ku Little Rock kukaŵa nkhondo yikuru iyo yikacitikanga kuti ŵasambizgi ŵa sukulu ŵakolerane.
Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose yikati yamara, mu 1940, boma la Arkansas likamba kuŵa na vinthu vinandi ndipo vinthu vikendanga makora. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1960, boma ili ndilo likaŵa likuru la kampani ya Walmart, iyo yikaŵa yikuru chomene pa charu chose. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, chuma cha ku Arkansas chikuthemba pa ntchito za pa msewu, ndege, viyuni, visulo, na vyakurya vya ku malo ghakupambanapambana.
Ŵanthu ŵa ku Arkansas ŵakusangika mu nyumba zakuwoneskeramo vinthu vyakale, mu malo ghakuwoneskeramo mafilimu, mu mabuku, pa TV, mu malo ghakurya, na mu malo ghanyake ghakuwoneskeramo maseŵero. Ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa ku chigaŵa ichi ni William Fulbright, uyo wakaŵa wandale kweniso wakwimira masambiro gha ŵanthu; Bill Clinton, uyo wakaŵaso kazembe wa chigaŵa cha Arkansas; Wesley Clark, uyo wakaŵaso mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari ŵa NATO; Sam Walton, uyo wakambiska Walmart; Johnny Cash, Charlie Rich, Jimmy Driftwood, na Glen Campbell; Billy Bob Thornton, uyo wakapanganga mafilimu; C. D. Wright; William L. McMillan, uyo wakambiska kafukufuku wakukhwaskana na vinthu ivyo vikwenda makora comene; Maya Angelou, uyo wali kupika nkhombo ya Nobel; Douglas MacArthur; Al Green, uyo wakwimba; Alan Ladd, uyo wakwimba; Scottie Pippen, uyo wakuseŵera basketball; Ne-Yo, uyo wakwimba; Chelsea Clinton; Sheryl Underwood, uyo wakwimba; na John Grisham, uyo wakulemba mabuku.[13]